Magnetic Resonant Coupling–Based Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles: Principles and Development Trends
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/fpvac903Keywords:
electric vehicles, wireless charging, magnetic resonant coupling, multi-coil, dynamic charging.Abstract
With the rapid global adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), efficient, reliable, and user‑friendly charging infrastructure is essential for large‑scale deployment. This review addresses magnetic resonant coupling (MRC) as a leading solution for electric-vehicle wireless charging. It reviews the underlying physics and system designs, synthesizes recent research and pilot deployments, and outlines key technical challenges and promising development pathways. The analysis highlights how coil coupling, load conditions, and operating frequency influence output and energy‑transfer efficiency and demonstrates the necessity of adaptive tuning strategies—such as frequency tracking and dynamic compensation—to maintain resonance and robust performance under misalignment and variable loading. Major engineering challenges that remain include alignment sensitivity, thermal management, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and the lack of cross‑platform standardization; addressing these issues is critical for safe, efficient, and scalable deployment. To bridge laboratory advances and commercial systems, we propose a staged roadmap emphasizing topology optimization, control strategy development, integration with dynamic charging scenarios, and coordinated standardization. The paper concludes with recommended research directions and industrial objectives aimed at accelerating the commercialization and widespread adoption of MRC‑based wireless charging for electric vehicles.
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